• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a system and a method for monitoring a freewheeling pulley, in particular a freewheeling pulley, which is mounted on a drive shaft of a generator. The method comprises the steps of: determining a speed of the generator, the generator being driven by a crankshaft or an intermediate drive wheel; Determining a desired speed of the generator; and detecting a malfunction of the freewheeling pulley (2) if the determined speed of the generator falls below the rope speed.
    公开号:AT515003A2
    申请号:T858/2013
    申请日:2013-11-08
    公开日:2015-05-15
    发明作者:Christoph Sakellaris；Christoph Öhlinger
    申请人:MAN Truck & Bus Österreich AG；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and system for monitoring a freewheel pulley Description
    The invention relates to a method for monitoring a freewheeling pulley, in particular a freewheeling pulley, which is mounted on a drive shaft of a driven by a crankshaft or Zwischenantriebsrad generator. Furthermore, the cumbersome belt drive can also be tested for function.
    A crankshaft or intermediate drive wheel driven by an internal combustion engine is constantly accelerated and decelerated due to the four-stroke principle. The resulting vibrations are also transmitted to a generator driven by the crankshaft or intermediate drive wheel, which has a negative effect on the noise behavior and the service life of the drive belt and other belt drive components. For this reason, it is known from the prior art to equip generators of vehicles with a freewheeling pulley, also called generator freewheel. The Freilaufrie¬menscheibe is mounted directly on the drive shaft of the generator and transmits the An¬triebskraft only in one direction. Thus, it decouples the generator from the Schwin¬gungen the crankshaft. Thanks to the freewheeling pulley, the belt drive runs quieter, quieter and the life of the drive belt is extended.
    In a defect of such freewheel pulleys, however, occur large Wechselbelastun¬gen on the generator and thus have a strong lifespan shortening influence on the generator and the entire belt drive. It is therefore desirable to detect a malfunction of the freewheeling pulley promptly.
    It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and system for monitoring derar¬tiger freewheel pulleys, with which a defective freewheel pulley can possibly quickly detected and replaced to prevent further defects of the belt drive components, especially the generators.
    This object is achieved in each case by a method and a system for monitoring a free-running pulley having the features of the independent claims. Advantageous Aus¬führungsformen and applications of the invention are the subject of the dependent Ansprü¬che and will be explained in more detail in the following description with partial reference to the figures.
    The invention is based on the finding that a malfunction of a freewheel belt pulley during operation can be detected by the changing speed of the generator. In this case, the invention makes use of the fact that the freewheeling function of a freewheeling pulley generates a speed-increasing effect on the generator. A defective freewheeling pulley leads to a loss or at least a Reduzie¬rung this speed increasing effect of the freewheeling pulley and can by entspre¬chende monitoring the speed of the generator are detected.
    According to the present invention, a method for monitoring a free-running pulley, which is mounted on a drive shaft of a generator and is driven via a belt drive by a crankshaft or an intermediate drive wheel, is proposed for this purpose. The generator may be the alternator of the vehicle. The method comprises the steps of: determining a speed of the generator and detecting a malfunction of the freewheeling pulley if the determined speed of the generator falls below the setpoint speed.
    Preferably, the setpoint speed of the generator is determined as a function of a speed of the crankshaft. This setpoint speed at functioning freewheeling pulley results from the gear ratio between the generator and crankshaft and the additional caused by the freewheeling pulley increase effect of the generator speed. If the generator or the freewheeling belt pulley is driven by an intermediate drive wheel, alternatively the setpoint speed of the generator can be determined as a function of a rotational speed of the intermediate drive wheel or, in turn, as a function of the rotational speed of the crankshaft, taking into account any additional transmission function of the intermediate drive wheel.
    This desired speed curve of the generator as a function of the crankshaft speed or the intermediate drive wheel can, for example, be determined in advance experimentally and stored by means of a corresponding calculation function or characteristics in a validation device for carrying out the method.
    In some vehicles, especially commercial vehicles, in addition to the above-mentioned first generator in addition a second generator, for. B. as a second alternator provided. According to this variant, a freewheeling belt pulley is mounted on the drive shaft of the second generator, hereinafter referred to as a second freewheeling pulley, the second freewheeling pulley being motion-coupled via the belt drive to the freewheeling belt of the generator. In other words, the second generator is also driven by the crankshaft that drives the first generator, which generators are coupled to the crankshaft via the same belt drive.
    In this case, it is possible, for example, to determine the desired rotational speed of the first generator as a function of a rotational speed of the second generator. Depending on the specific transmission ratio of the second generator to the crankshaft and the specific increase function of the second freewheeling pulley on the second generator results in a predetermined fixed ratio between the number of revolutions of the crankshaft and the second generator and thus a fixed ratio of the speeds of the first generator and the second generator. Consequently, a setpoint speed for the generator can be determined as a function of the speed of the second generator. If one of these generators now has a malfunction, the ratio of the rotational speeds of the first and second generators changes, so that a malfunction of one of these generators can be detected by comparing the rotational speeds of the two generators during operation. In particular, this generator has a malfunction, the speed of which falls below the value according to the target speed.
    According to a preferred embodiment, a malfunction of the Freilaufriemenscheibe disc is determined if the specific speed of the generator falls below the predetermined Solldreh¬zahl for a predetermined period and / or by a predetermined threshold. Thereby, the recognition accuracy of malfunctions can be improved because short-term fluctuations or too small deviations do not lead to a misdiagnosis.
    According to a further aspect of the invention, a malfunction is detected by issuing a warning to a vehicle driver, for example via the vehicle information system or by an incorrect entry in the vehicle diagnostic system. This ensures that the driver is promptly made aware of a defect and / or a malfunction of the idler pulley and can have it repaired quickly in order to prevent further defects of the belt drive components, in particular of the generators.
    The invention further relates to a system for monitoring a freewheeling pulley mounted on a drive shaft of a generator and driven by a belt drive from a crankshaft. The system comprises a sensor device, which is designed to determine a rotational speed of the generator and an evaluation device, which is designed to determine a desired rotational speed of the generator and to determine a malfunction of the freewheel disk, if the specific rotational speed of the generator violates the nominal rotational speed.
    Preferably, the setpoint speed of the generator is determined as a function of a speed of the crankshaft.
    According to a further embodiment, the sensor device is designed to determine a rotational speed of a second generator comprising a second freewheeling pulley which is mounted on a drive shaft of the second generator and which is coupled in motion via the belt drive to the freewheeling pulley of the generator. The Auswer¬teeinrichtung is designed according to this variant, to determine the target speed in dependence on a speed of the second generator.
    Further details and advantages of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
    Figure 1A is a schematic representation of a belt drive with two generators and two freewheeling pulleys;
    Figure 1B is a schematic representation of a belt drive with a generator and a freewheeling pulley;
    Figure 2 shows a speed curve of a generator with functioning vs.. defective freewheeling function;
    FIG. 3 shows an example run-up of an engine speed and the corresponding engine speed with a functioning engine vs. engine speed. defective freewheel; and
    FIG. 4 shows by way of example the detection of malfunctions on the basis of predetermined setpoint values of the generator speed.
    FIG. 1A shows a belt drive known per se, in which an alternator 1 is driven by a drive belt 4 of a drive shaft 3 of a crankshaft (not shown). On the drive shaft of the generator 1, a freewheeling pulley 2 is mounted, which transmits the drive torque of the drive shaft 3 to the drive shaft of the generator 1.
    In the present example, a second alternator 7 is provided, on the Antriebswel¬le a second freewheeling pulley 2 is mounted, which is also via the drive belt 4 and a guide roller 6 with the drive pulley 3 of the crankshaft and the freewheel belt pulley 2 is motion-coupled. The drive belt thus also drives the drive shaft of the second alternator 7 via the second freewheeling pulley 5.
    Such freewheeling pulleys 2 and 7 are known per se from the prior art. They transmit the driving force only in one direction of rotation, whereby the generator is decoupled from the vibrations of the crankshaft. As a result, the belt drive runs quieter, quieter and the life of the drive belt can be extended. To drive the generator, only the acceleration components of the crankshaft rotation uniformity are used in this way.
    FIG. 1B shows another belt drive known per se, which differs from the example shown in FIG. 1A in that only one generator 1 and only one freewheeling pulley 2 are provided.
    FIG. 2 explains the mode of operation of the freewheeling belt pulley 2 or 5, which essentially uses only the acceleration components of the crankshaft rotation irregularity to drive the generator. explained in more detail. Here, the threshold function 22 represents the actual speed curve of the crankshaft and shows the rotational irregularity typical of a crankshaft due to the constant acceleration and deceleration of the crankshaft.
    The threshold function 22 corresponds to an average rotational speed 23, which is shown in FIG. 2 by the dashed line. Now, when a freewheeling pulley is mounted on the drive shaft of the generator, the freewheeling pulley transmits the driving force of the crankshaft to the drive shaft of the generator in only one direction of rotation, so that only the crankshaft rotation uniformity acceleration parts are utilized while the freewheel slides in and aborts the deceleration phase. This is illustrated by the flattened legs 24in FIG. This effect thus causes a speed increase. The threshold function 20 resulting from the idler pulley corresponds to an increased average speed 21 of the generator on which the idler pulley is mounted.
    In knowledge or by experimentally determining this speed increase effect caused by the freewheel pulley, the expected average speed 21 of the generator can be determined. The average rotational speed corresponds to the desired function of the generator rotational speed in the case of a functioning freewheeling belt pulley. Now, if this average rotational speed 21 is monitored during operation and the current average rotational speed 21 of the generator decreases in the direction of or to the value of the dashed line 23, it can be concluded that there is a defect in the freewheeling belt pulley.
    Thus, by determining a setpoint for the average speed 21 of the generator and determining deviations from this setpoint, a malfunction of the free-running pulley can be determined.
    This is explained in more detail below in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a run-up curve over time in which a crankshaft speed is increased starting from 600 to 2100 revolutions / minute (rpm). When the crankshaft speed is raised, the course of the generator speed, which is plotted on the y-axis, is determined, once for an alternator with working freewheels 30 and once for an alternator with defective freewheels 31. The sequence shown in FIG Both speed curves are clearly distinguishable and that a defek¬ter freewheel leads to a correspondingly reduced speed of the alternator.
    FIG. 4 illustrates how a setpoint speed of the generator whose freewheeling pulley is to be monitored can be determined as a function of the rotational speed of the crankshaft. As explained above, the rotational speed of the generator depends on the rotational speed of the crankshaft. In the present example, there is a gear ratio of 1: 4.5 between the crankshaft drive pulley and the generator drive shaft such that, for example, at 1000 revolutions of the crankshaft pulley, the generator would rotate at 4500 revolutions without a freewheel pulley. This is exemplified by the values indicated by reference numerals 44 and 43 and the curve 42.
    As explained above, the freewheeling function of the freewheeling pulley causes an additional speed-increasing effect, which in the present example increases the speed by a further 200 revolutions / minute when mounting a freewheeling pulley to the drive shaft of the generator. Thus, in the previous example of 1000 revolutions / minute of the crankshaft, an expected setpoint speed of 4700 revolutions / minute of the generator surrounds itself. This exemplary nominal value of the generator is identified by the reference numeral 41.
    Thus, the curve indicated by the reference numeral 40 indicates the expected desired values for the rotational speed of the generator, which are expected as a function of a rotational speed of the crankshaft. If the freewheeling pulley 2 has a defect, the measured values of the rotational speed of the generator 1 will deviate from the setpoint curve 40, in particular lie below the setpoint curve 40 and approach the curve 42 or lie on the curve 42.
    The setpoint curve 40 for a faultless freewheeling belt pulley determined in FIG. 4 can be stored, for example, on the basis of maps in the monitoring unit of the vehicle.
    A sensor device for measuring the current rotational speed of the generator can take place, for example, via the rpm measuring outputs in conventional generators. For this purpose, common generators often have a normally unoccupied pin for determining the speed, which can be read out for speed determination.
    The read-out generator speed is transmitted to an engine control unit that is configured to compare the current generator speed or generator speed course with a stored desired speed or stored desired speed course. If the engine control unit determines that the measured generator speed falls short of the setpoint speed for longer than a preselected time duration, the control unit issues a warning message to the vehicle steering wheel and / or generates a faulty entry in the vehicle diagnostic system.
    In summary, therefore, for each speed of the crankshaft, a setpoint for the speed of the generator can be determined, which corresponds to a functioning freewheeling pulley. In case of deviation of the measured speed value of the generator from this tuned setpoint speed, in particular if the measured speed is below the measured setpoint speed, a defect of the free-wheeling belt pulley can be detected.
    Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, a variety of variations and modifications are possible, which are also to be considered by the spirit and therefore fall within the scope of protection. Accordingly, the invention should not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but the invention is intended to include all embodiments which fall within the scope of the appended claims.
    REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 alternator, in particular alternator 2 freewheeling pulley 3 drive pulley of the crankshaft 4 drive belt 5 freewheeling pulley 6 pulley 7 second generator, especially second alternator 20 speed curve with freewheeling pulley 21 average speed curve with freewheeling pulley 22 speed curve without freewheeling pulley 23 average speed curve without freewheeling pulley 24 curve of the generator speed with freewheeling pulley device currency Rpm of the deceleration section of the crankshaft 30 Speed curve with freewheeling belt pulley 31 Speed curve with defective freewheeling belt pulley 40 Speed curve with freewheeling belt pulley 41 Specified value for functioning freewheeling belt pulley 42 Speed curve for defective freewheeling pulley 43 Expected rotational speed value for defective freewheeling belt pulley 44 Speed value of the crankshaft
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. A method for monitoring a freewheeling pulley (2) which is mounted on a drive shaft of a generator (1) and is driven by a belt drive (4) by a crank shaft or an intermediate drive wheel, comprising the steps: (a) Determining a rotational speed of the generator (2); (b) determining a target speed of the generator (1); and (c) detecting a malfunction of the freewheeling pulley (2) if the bestimm¬te speed of the generator (1) falls below the target speed (41).
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the setpoint speed (41) of the generator (1) is determined as a function of a rotational speed of the crankshaft or Zwi¬schenantriebsrads.
    [3]
    A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the target speed (41) of the generator (1) is determined depending on a gear ratio between the crankshaft and the intermediate drive gear and the generator (1) and a speed-up effect of the idler pulley (2).
    [4]
    A method according to claim 1, characterized by the step of: determining a speed of a second generator (7) comprising a second freewheeling pulley (5) mounted on a drive shaft of said second generator (7) and connected to said belt by said belt drive (4) Freewheeling pulley (2) of the generator (1) is bewe'gungsgecoupled, wherein the setpoint speed of the generator (1) in dependence on a speed of the second generator (7) is determined.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the malfunction of the freewheeling pulley (2) is detected if the be¬stimmte speed of the generator (1) the predetermined target speed for a vorbe¬stimmten period and / or by a predetermined threshold below.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the malfunction of the freewheeling pulley (2) is detected by issuing a warning to a vehicle driver or by an incorrect entry in the vehicle diagnostic system.
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a freewheeling pulley (2) of a vehicle, in particular a Nutzfahrzeugs, is monitored.
    [8]
    A system for monitoring a freewheeling pulley (2) mounted on a drive shaft of a generator (1) and driven by a belt drive (4) from a crankshaft or an intermediate drive wheel, comprising: (a) a sensor device which is formed is to determine a speed of the generator (1); and (b) an evaluation device, which is designed to determine a setpoint speed of the generator (1) and to detect a malfunction of the freewheeling belt pulley (2) if the determined speed of the generator (1) falls below the setpoint speed.
    [9]
    9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the setpoint speed (41) of the generator (1) is determined as a function of a rotational speed of the crankshaft or the Zwischenanεtriebsrads.
    [10]
    10. System according to claim 8, characterized in that (a) the sensor device is designed to have a rotational speed of a second generator (7), comprising a second freewheeling belt pulley (5) which is mounted on a drive shaft of the second generator (7). is mounted and which is motion-coupled via the belt drive (4) with the free-wheel pulley (2) of the generator (1), and (b) that the evaluation device is adapted to determine the target speed in dependence on a rotational speed of the second generator (7).
    [11]
    11. Vehicle, in particular commercial vehicle with a system according to one of claims 8 to 10.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT515003A3|2015-10-15|
    AT515003B1|2017-05-15|
    EP2871346A1|2015-05-13|
    EP2871346B1|2016-07-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS57105525A|1980-12-22|1982-07-01|Banzai:Kk|Method of measuring belt slip of vehicle|
    JPH07105525A|1993-10-08|1995-04-21|Toshiba Corp|Magnetic recording medium|
    JP2779331B2|1995-03-08|1998-07-23|バンドー化学株式会社|Belt transmission for engine accessories|
    EP0980479B1|1997-05-07|2003-08-27|Litens Automotive Partnership|Serpentine drive system with improved over-running alternator decoupler|
    US7979176B2|2008-02-01|2011-07-12|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Serpentine belt useful life monitor|
    US20100131232A1|2008-11-21|2010-05-27|Taylor Timothy M|Belt slip meter|DE102016201964A1|2016-02-10|2017-08-10|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Determining a deceleration torque of a coupled to a freewheel to an internal combustion engine generator-operable electric machine|
    DE102016201958A1|2016-02-10|2017-08-10|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Determining an operating state of an electric machine coupled to an internal combustion engine|
    法律状态:
    2022-01-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: MAN TRUCK & BUS SE, DE Effective date: 20211123 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA858/2013A|AT515003B1|2013-11-08|2013-11-08|Method and system for monitoring a freewheel pulley|ATA858/2013A| AT515003B1|2013-11-08|2013-11-08|Method and system for monitoring a freewheel pulley|
    EP14002822.6A| EP2871346B1|2013-11-08|2014-08-13|Method and system for monitoring a free-wheeling pulley|
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